CORSIKA up to version 7 has been the most-used Monte Carlo code for simulating extensive air showers for more than 20 years. Due to its monolithic, Fortran-based software design and hand-optimized code, however, it has become difficult to maintain, adapt to new computing paradigms and extend for more complex simulation needs. These limitations led to the CORSIKA 8 project, which constitutes a complete rewrite of the CORSIKA 7 core functionality in a modern, modular C++ framework. CORSIKA 8 has now reached a state that we consider ``physics-complete'' and a stability that already allows experts to engage in development for specific applications. It already supports the treatment of hadronic interactions with Sibyll 2.3d, QGSJetII-04, EPOS-LHC and Pythia 8.3 and the treatment of the electromagnetic cascade with PROPOSAL 7.6. Particular highlights are the support for multiple interaction media, including cross-media particle showers, and an advanced calculation of the radio emission from particle showers. In this contribution, we discuss the design principles of CORSIKA 8, give an overview of the functionality implemented to date, the validation of its simulation results, and the plans for its further development.
CORSIKA up to version 7 has been the most-used Monte Carlo code for simulating extensive air showers for more than 20 years. Due to its monolithic, Fortran-based software design and hand-optimized code, however, it has become difficult to maintain, adapt to new computing paradigms and extend for more complex simulation needs. These limitations led to the CORSIKA 8 project, which constitutes a complete rewrite of the CORSIKA 7 core functionality in a modern, modular C++ framework. CORSIKA 8 has now reached a state that we consider ``physics-complete'' and a stability that already allows experts to engage in development for specific applications. It already supports the treatment of hadronic interactions with Sibyll 2.3d, QGSJetII-04, EPOS-LHC and Pythia 8.3 and the treatment of the electromagnetic cascade with PROPOSAL 7.6. Particular highlights are the support for multiple interaction media, including cross-media particle showers, and an advanced calculation of the radio emission from particle showers. In this contribution, we discuss the design principles of CORSIKA 8, give an overview of the functionality implemented to date, the validation of its simulation results, and the plans for its further development.
## Nikolaos Karastathis, Remy Prechelt, Juan Ammerman-Yebra and Tim Huege for the CORSIKA 8 Collaboration (talk)
## Nikolaos Karastathis, Remy Prechelt, Juan Ammerman-Yebra and Tim Huege for the CORSIKA 8 Collaboration (poster)
### Simulating radio emission from air showers with CORSIKA 8
### Simulating radio emission from air showers with CORSIKA 8
CORSIKA 8 is a new framework for air shower simulations implemented in modern C++17, based on past experience with existing codes like CORSIKA 7. The flexible and modular structure of the project allows the development of independent modules that can produce a fully customizable air shower simulation. The radio module in particular is designed to treat the signal propagation and electric field calculation to each antenna in an autonomous and flexible way. It provides the possibility to simulate simultaneously the radio emission calculated with two independent time-domain formalisms, the “Endpoint formalism” as implemented in CoREAS and the “ZHS” algorithm as ported from ZHAireS. Future development for the simulation of radio emission from particle showers in complex scenarios, for example cross-media showers penetrating from air into ice, can build on the existing radio module, re-using the established interfaces.
CORSIKA 8 is a new framework for air shower simulations implemented in modern C++17, based on past experience with existing codes like CORSIKA 7. The flexible and modular structure of the project allows the development of independent modules that can produce a fully customizable air shower simulation. The radio module in particular is designed to treat the signal propagation and electric field calculation to each antenna in an autonomous and flexible way. It provides the possibility to simulate simultaneously the radio emission calculated with two independent time-domain formalisms, the “Endpoint formalism” as implemented in CoREAS and the “ZHS” algorithm as ported from ZHAireS. Future development for the simulation of radio emission from particle showers in complex scenarios, for example cross-media showers penetrating from air into ice, can build on the existing radio module, re-using the established interfaces.
In this work, we will present the design and implementation of the radio module in CORSIKA 8, and show a direct comparison of radio emission from air showers simulated with CORSIKA 8, CORSIKA 7 and ZHAireS.
In this work, we will present the design and implementation of the radio module in CORSIKA 8, and show a direct comparison of radio emission from air showers simulated with CORSIKA 8, CORSIKA 7 and ZHAireS.
## Dominik Baack for the CORSIKA 8 Collaboration (talk)
## Dominik Baack for the CORSIKA 8 Collaboration (poster)
### Comparison and efficiency of GPU accelerated optical light propagation with CORSIKA8
### Comparison and efficiency of GPU accelerated optical light propagation with CORSIKA8
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@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ The main focus of this talk is the propagation of optical, i.e. fluorescence and
...
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ The main focus of this talk is the propagation of optical, i.e. fluorescence and
The CORSIKA 8 project aims to develop a versatile and modern framework for particle shower simulations that meets the new needs of experiments and addresses the caveats of existing codes. Of particular relevance is the ability to compute particle showers that pass through two or more different media, of varying density, in a single run within a single code. CORSIKA 8 achieves this flexibility by using a volume tree that specifies volume containment, allowing one to quickly query to which medium a point belongs. Thanks to this design we are able to construct very specific environments with different geometries and media. As an example, we demonstrate this new functionality by running particle showers penetrating from air into Antarctic ice and validating them with a combination of the well-established CORSIKA 7 and Geant 4 codes.
The CORSIKA 8 project aims to develop a versatile and modern framework for particle shower simulations that meets the new needs of experiments and addresses the caveats of existing codes. Of particular relevance is the ability to compute particle showers that pass through two or more different media, of varying density, in a single run within a single code. CORSIKA 8 achieves this flexibility by using a volume tree that specifies volume containment, allowing one to quickly query to which medium a point belongs. Thanks to this design we are able to construct very specific environments with different geometries and media. As an example, we demonstrate this new functionality by running particle showers penetrating from air into Antarctic ice and validating them with a combination of the well-established CORSIKA 7 and Geant 4 codes.
## Alexander Sandrock, Jean-Marco Alameddine, and Felix Riehn for the CORSIKA 8 collaboration
## Alexander Sandrock, Jean-Marco Alameddine, and Felix Riehn for the CORSIKA 8 collaboration
### Validation of Electromagnetic Showers in CORSIKA 8
### Validation of Electromagnetic Showers in CORSIKA 8 (talk)
The air shower simulation code CORSIKA has served as a key
The air shower simulation code CORSIKA has served as a key
part of the simulation chain for numerous astroparticle physics
part of the simulation chain for numerous astroparticle physics
experiments over the past decades. Due to retirement of the original
experiments over the past decades. Due to retirement of the original
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@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ lower energy, the recent implementation of the LPM effect, photo pair
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@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ lower energy, the recent implementation of the LPM effect, photo pair
production of muons, and of photohadronic interactions allows now to
production of muons, and of photohadronic interactions allows now to
make a physics-complete comparison also at high energies.
make a physics-complete comparison also at high energies.
## Parallel processing of radio signals and detector arrays in CORSIKA 8
## A.A. Alves Jr, N. Karastathis, T. Huege for the CORSIKA 8 Collaboration
### A.A. Alves Jr, N. Karastathis, T. Huege
### Parallel processing of radio signals and detector arrays in CORSIKA 8 (talk)
This contribution describes some recent advances in the parallelization of the generation and processing of radio signals emitted by particle showers in CORSIKA 8. CORSIKA 8 is a Monte Carlo simulation framework for modeling ultra-high energy secondary particle cascades in astroparticle physics.
This contribution describes some recent advances in the parallelization of the generation and processing of radio signals emitted by particle showers in CORSIKA 8. CORSIKA 8 is a Monte Carlo simulation framework for modeling ultra-high energy secondary particle cascades in astroparticle physics.
The aspects associated with the generation and processing of radio signals in antennas arrays are reviewed, focusing on the key design opportunities and constraints for deployment of multiple threads on such calculations. The audience is also introduced to Gyges, a lightweight, header-only and flexible multithread self-adaptive scheduler written compliant with C++17 and C++20, which is used to distribute and manage the worker computer threads during the parallel calculations. Finally, performance and scalability measurements are provided and the integration into CORSIKA 8 is commented.
The aspects associated with the generation and processing of radio signals in antennas arrays are reviewed, focusing on the key design opportunities and constraints for deployment of multiple threads on such calculations. The audience is also introduced to Gyges, a lightweight, header-only and flexible multithread self-adaptive scheduler written compliant with C++17 and C++20, which is used to distribute and manage the worker computer threads during the parallel calculations. Finally, performance and scalability measurements are provided and the integration into CORSIKA 8 is commented.
